Glyphosate, raws li tsis fungicible tshuaj ntsuab, tam sim no yog ib hom tshuaj tua kab feem ntau. Glyphosate muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm tsis xaiv thiab tsis muaj seem, thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tiv thaiv perennial nroj. Nws yog dav siv rau maj tswj hauv orchards, roj hmab ntoo, thiab wastelands. Tom qab nqus los ntawm cov qia thiab nplooj, nws kis tau rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm enolacosate phosphate raws li glyphosate syntheas thiab simtophan, cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv protein thiab ua rau cog kev tuag.
Glyphosate muaj ntau ntau yam, thiab cov ntxov tshaj plaws siv glyphosate feem ntau yog 10% glyphosate dej daws, uas yog pheej yig heev. 10% glyphosate dej daws teeb meem yog qhov tseeb ib qho kev siv dej khib nyiab npaj los ntawm kev ntxiv cov niam cawv los ntawm glyphosate raw cov khoom ntau lawm. Nws muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov hlau hnyav thiab sodium chloride, uas ua rau muaj kuab paug zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab av. Kev siv ntev ntev tuaj yeem yooj yim ua rau av salinization thiab kev sib dhos hnyav, thiab muaj cov nyhuv muaj zog rau cov qoob loo tom ntej. Yog li ntawd, nws tau txwv tsis pub los ntawm kev tsim khoom ntawm lub xeev. Txij li thaum lub delisting ntawm 10% glyphosate dej daws, glyphosate isopropylas ntsev, thiab glyphosate poov xab ntsev cov tshuaj muaj maj yam khoom hauv khw.
The broad definition of glyphosate refers to a general term for various glyphosate salts, while the narrow definition of glyphosate refers to glyphosate acid (which is also the part that truly works when weeding). It is acidic and difficult to dissolve in water, but its salt is easily soluble in water. Therefore, in actual production and use, it needs to be converted into salt to increase its water solubility. Salt can include potassium salt, sodium salt, ammonium salt, isopropylammonium salt, etc. Glyphosate ammonium salt, glyphosate isopropylamine salt, and glyphosate potassium salt are obtained by reacting glyphosate acid with ammonia gas, organic base isopropylamine, and a base containing potassium cations, respectively. The content of glyphosate in 33% ammonium salt, 41% isopropylammonium salt, and 37% potassium glyphosate salt is 30%, and their herbicidal active groups are the same. However, different salts have differences in the absorption process of plants, which affects the efficacy of glyphosate. According to the experimental data provided by the Ministry of Agriculture of China, the order of herbicidal activity is: glyphosate potassium salt>glyphosate isopropylammonium salt>glyphosate ammonium salt>glyphosate sodium ntsev.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm ob peb glyphosate ntsev muaj raws li hauv qab no: cov ntsev tsis muaj nqi thiab tus nqi qis, tab sis tsis zoo me ntsis kev kub ntxhov; Isopropylamine ntsev tau yooj yim nqus los ntawm cov nplooj ntoo yooj yim, thiab cov khoom siv ceev ceev (tshwj xeeb yog qhov haum rau thaum muaj qhov kub nruab nrab 22 degree). Qhov tsis zoo yog tias tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov nyhuv ntawm cov qoob loo sib sib zog tsis zoo; Glyphosate poov tshuaj ntsev muaj siab solubility thiab zoo noo kev nqus. Thaum siv, nws muaj cov nyhuv thib ob thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub ntawm glyphosate, maj mam muab cov txiaj ntsig siv tau zoo, thiab tseem muaj cov nyhuv ntawm cov poov tshuaj fertilizer. Qhov tsis zoo yog tias nws yog kim. Yog li ntawd, thaum cov neeg ua liaj ua teb ua kev yuav khoom, lawv tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias 37% lossis 41% ntawm cov khoom lag luam zoo dua 33%. Lawv yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov ntawv lo rau cov khoom siv tau zoo rau ntawm cov khoom ntawv lo thiab xaiv raws li lawv cov kev xav tau tiag tiag. Yog tias nws tau siv rau ntawm cov nplai loj los tswj cov nroj tsuag dav dav, ammonium ntsev tuaj yeem siv los txuag cov nqi; Hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj qhov kub tsawg, nws raug nquahu kom siv isopropylammonium ntsev, thaum nws pom zoo kom siv glyphosate poov tshuaj ntsev.
